Estudo de custos de perdas em sistemas de distribuição de água: avaliação energética e ambiental com análise de cenários computacionais

Abstract

City water distribution systems have a high operating and maintenance cost, which highlights the growing importance of studies on water and energy efficiency. Water losses in distribution systems, which are generally high in much of the world, are directly related to improving the efficiency of these water structures. Therefore, the study of the costs of losses in water distribution systems aims to identify the economic and environmental impact of losses in urban areas. In this work, the objective is to evaluate and quantify the costs of water losses in distribution companies, with the aim of identifying possible improvements to be implemented. As methodological steps, it was initially defined to quantify the types of water losses in a distribution system, and then, to quantify the costs related to water, energy and environmental impacts through modeling and simulation tools, subsequently, construction was carried out of a hypothetical sanitation system, representative of real systems. The analysis was conducted through computational scenarios and simulation through a constructed computational routine and subsequent simulation of the established scenarios with a view to temporal scenarios of water losses. The results demonstrated the importance of studying and investing in reducing losses and economic and environmental impact and quantifying and valuing different component stages of a supply system. It is concluded that the impact of reducing water losses can be quantified and valued, demonstrating the importance of composing partial costs, illustrating the importance of combating losses in different stages of supply system processes.