Projeto de um sistema de hidrogenação-desidrogenação para nióbio

Abstract

The present work aims to develop a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) system for niobium (Nb), focusing on the design and sizing of the system. The hydrogenation of refractory metals, such as tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), tungsten (W), and molybdenum (Mo), is a technically challenging process, as it involves introducing hydrogen into materials with high thermal resistance, altering their physical and mechanical properties. This process plays a fundamental role in facilitating subsequent manufacturing steps, especially in the production of metal powders for industrial applications, where obtaining fine and homogeneous particles is essential for the quality of the final material. To ensure the technical feasibility of the system, 3D and 2D models of the HDH system were developed, allowing for a detailed structural analysis, identification of possible failures, and verification of component compatibility. The project included careful specification of the main system elements, including a high-efficiency resistive furnace for the hydrogenation stage, a reactor designed to withstand operational temperature and pressure conditions, and a vacuum system based on a diffusion pump, essential for controlling the process atmosphere and preventing contamination. The proposed material for the project was AISI 316 stainless steel. The system's thermal insulation was designed to minimize heat losses and ensure operational stability, while sensors and control systems were incorporated for precise monitoring of process variables. The adopted methodology ensured an integrated and accurate approach, resulting in a functional system aligned with operational and regulatory requirements. Additionally, the study provided an in-depth analysis of the challenges involved in developing an efficient HDH system, from material selection to the thermal and mechanical performance of the components, offering technical support for future applications in powder metallurgy and the processing of refractory materials.