Vulnerabilidade socioambiental a inundações na microbacia do Ribeirão Anhumas - Itajubá, MG.

Abstract

The socio-environmental vulnerability to floods represents a significant challenge for risk management and urban planning, especially within the scenario of climate change, which intensifies the frequency and impact of these events. The Ribeirão Anhumas micro-basin, located in Itajubá (MG), is an area that suffers from these events, because it has an extensive urban occupation in potentially flood-prone areas. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the socio-environmental vulnerability of the microbasin, using geoprocessing tools and the AHP method. For this, demographic, social, economic and environmental variables that influence the exposure and response capacity of the population to flood events were considered. Environmental susceptibility and social vulnerability maps were developed, allowing a detailed spatial view of the risks in the microbasin. The results indicated that 5.19% of the area has high environmental susceptibility, while 8.31% of the territory, especially in densely populated and low-income regions, demonstrated high socio-environmental vulnerability. The socio-environmental vulnerability index (IVSA), developed from the intersection of socioeconomic and environmental data, was effective in identifying critical areas that require priority actions by public authorities. The conclusions highlight the need to integrate urban planning with risk management, prioritizing measures such as improvements in urban drainage, control of disorderly expansion and implementation of nature-based solutions.