Uso de tecnologias pelo poder público na coleta e gestão de dados de logística urbana: uma análise comparativa entre cidades brasileiras

Abstract

Changes in consumer habits, intensified by the Covid-19 pandemic, have generated significant challenges for urban logistics, especially in freight transportation. The increase in home deliveries driven by e-commerce demands greater efficiency in logistics flows and places additional pressure on already saturated urban infrastructure. Data collection and processing through technologies such as surveillance cameras, Global Positioning System (GPS), sensors, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are important tools to improve the efficiency and management of urban logistics. This study aimed to analyze the use of technologies by public authorities for the collection and management of urban logistics data through a comparative approach among five Brazilian cities (Itajubá - MG, Poços de Caldas-MG, Santo André-SP, Sorocaba-SP, and Salvador-BA), as well as to understand the urban logistics problems faced by these locations. It also sought to carry out a comparative analysis of the use of these technologies in two medium-sized cities, two large cities, and one metropolis, proposing solutions based on practices already adopted by the cities themselves, academic literature, and City Logistics initiatives. The research was conducted through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), along with semi-structured interviews with representatives of public administration in these cities. A comparative analysis was carried out, identifying the main differences and similarities in technological approaches to improving urban logistics. The results indicate disparities among the cities in terms of the structure and capacity of public authorities to utilize the collected data, with some being more advanced and others more limited, without a direct influence of city size. The research provides decision-making support for managers and professionals in the transport sector in the development of public policies and the implementation of improvements in urban logistics systems