Avaliação de ferramentas de análise de estabilidade de tensão

Abstract

This work describes the phenomenon of the power system voltage stability, which has become an interesting point over the last decades. Economical and environmental constraints are causing stressful operating conditions on many power systems and incidents around the world due to voltage instability. Voltage stability is a dynamic problem. However, the phenomenon may be studied by static tools, using a power flow model, enabling one to calculate the system load margin and identify the critical area. Dynamic system model is necessary if the time domain simulation is required. In this simulation, many power systems components, controls, protection and disturbances may be considered, enabling one to capture the trend of the system. When voltage stability problems were first described in the literature, many methodologies were proposed, but engineers had no effective computational programs that could be used. Because there is a wide range of programs available nowadays, the aim of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of some methodologies with the help of the results obtained with the Brazilian power system. In this sense, this work aims to contribute to the understanding of the problem, and since no methodology is favored, the similarities and differences among the methods are discussed. For this purpose, the state of the art is provided and the potentialities of each method are highlighted. It is expected that the engineers involved in this area of work and research may obtain some important pieces of information about the interpretation of the results from each approach adressed in this work.