Análise dos impactos ambientais de geração hidrelétrica: estudo de caso da usina hidrelétrica Três Irmãos, SP.

Abstract

Recently, the discussion of new paradigms economical, social and you adapt it has been provoking important alterations in the perspectives and forms of implantation of new hydroelectric projects in the country. In this sense the present work uses a methodology that seeks to quantify and to qualify the environmental impacts caused by hydroelectric generation, using a comparative in the years of 1985 and 2005 and a head office that it analyzes the negative impacts of the enterprise and where is attributed weights to the referred impacts in a defined scale in advance. The advantage of using this head office is that the same display, in the results obtained that the environmental impacts are reduced being applied the measures suggested in EIA and in the analysis accomplished in this study, making possible, like this, the activation of the processes of environmental licensing. Referred her head office he/she can foresee the value of the environmental expenses. The proposed methodology is viable due to the easiness of your application. The results of this study with the comparative and the adaptation of the head office proposal present the following advantages: 1) with the result of the comparative in I spill him/it of the reservoir it can be made a recovery of areas degraded more effective, could be planted an appropriate vegetation for improvement of the quality of the water in the reservoir and decrease of erosive processes in I spill him/it of the same, decreasing, therefore the assoreament of the reservoir and improving the quality of the water. 2) the hydroelectric enterprises are impacts and they need they be submitted the a licensing process. This head office makes possible the activation of the process of environmental licensing. She indicates the environmental index of the enterprise, that is, the percentile when comparing the results obtained with and without measured.