Análise de estabilidade utilizando elemento armazenador de energia e inércia sintética em sistemas de subtransmissão

Abstract

The growing integration of wind and photovoltaic power plants into electrical power systems has transformed the global and national energy matrix, bringing new challenges to the planning of the operation and expansion of Bulk Power Systems (BPS). The high participation of these non-dispatchable sources, known as Inverter-Based Generators (IBGs), requires the adaptation of grid procedures and expansion criteria, originally designed for the predominance of synchronous generators. In this scenario, entities such as WECC and EPRI have developed generic dynamic models that allow the behaviour of these plants and also of storage systems (BESS) to be represented in electromechanical stability studies, enabling more realistic analyses and supporting the evolution of network procedures. From a dynamic point of view, there are characteristics common to wind, photovoltaic, and BESS plants that also permeate the SEPs to which they are connected, such as: reduction of equivalent inertia and short-circuit power of the SEP, rapid response of inverters, and ability to provide synthetic inertia through IBG-based resources. In this context, this dissertation investigates Root Mean Square (RMS) transient evaluations in electrical systems, applying the WECC’s generic dynamic models and emphasising the system’s frequency response, with a focus on the use of synthetic inertia in a practical case. The case study is structured based on a real subtransmission system, whose simulations were performed in the ANATEM programme, considering academic methodological freedom.