Estudo de viabilidade técnica e socioeconômica de implantação de sistema condominial de esgotamento sanitário em área rural

Abstract

The present work aims to evaluate technically and socioeconomically the implementation of the condominium system for the collection of sanitary sewage in a rural area. As a case study, it was proposed to implement a condominium network for the Pessegueiro neighborhood, located in the rural area of the municipality of Itajubá, Minas Gerais. In the design study of the collection network, an environmental characterization of the area was carried out, which evidenced the degradation of the water body that cuts through the central region of the neighborhood, with the compromised water quality of the supply wells. A socioeconomic characterization was also carried out that showed that the local population has a low purchasing power, but it is an organized community and concerned with the improvement of sanitary conditions, therefore with strong potential to manage the condominium system. Finally, a technical and economic analysis was carried out comparing the dimensioning and budget of the condominium system with the conventional sewage collection system. The planialtimetric survey of the region under study was carried out and the sewage collection network was drawn through the back of the lots and parallel to the existing watercourse. This conception avoided the deepening of the collecting network and allowed the profile of the collecting network to develop parallel to the terrain, resulting in lower costs. The difference between the condominium network and the conventional network was the pipe diameter, 100 mm and 150 mm respectively. Another difference was the use of different accessory organs, in the condominium system, inspection boxes and the conventional system were used for inspection and cleaning terminals. The condominium network proved to be more economically viable, since the budget resulted in 55% of the budget of the conventional network. It is noteworthy that, for the successful implementation of the condominium network, it is necessary to involve the entire community and the government, including proposing legal mechanisms that allow the system to be managed by the community itself.