A mobilização de aspectos da natureza da ciência e do conhecimento pedagógico de conteúdo na formação inicial de professores de física

Abstract

The present work sought to evaluate how undergraduate students of a public Brazilian university located in southern Minas Gerais express their knowledge about the Nature of Science (NOS) and the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in the development of a teaching material about the history of a physics concept for Basic Education. We also sought to understand the joint mobilization between these two types of knowledge to form the PCK/NOS. To carry out this investigation, didactic materials prepared by 8th period physics undergraduate students were selected. In all, twelve didactic materials were selected for analysis, which were complemented with audio recordings of the participants' presentations about the elaborated didactic materials. For the data analysis, we investigated the aspects of NOS, PCK and the relations between PCK/NOS communicated or that can be inferred from the materials. For this, we elaborated analysis categories related to the visions of elements of NOS and KPC, based on the references adopted in this research. After performing the analyses it was possible to identify visions about the NOS, the subcategories of the PCK explicit in the materials, moments in which the undergraduates mobilize their PCK to teach elements of NOS (PCK/NOS) and reflections about the use of the History and Philosophy of Science by the undergraduates as a didactic strategy to prepare the didactic material. As main results, it was possible to find adequate and inadequate views about NOS, as well as the majority expression of the subdomain of Knowledge of Didactic Strategies in Physics Teaching, regarding PCK. In addition, limitations and difficulties related to this study were identified. The analyses raised some issues that deserve attention in future research, among which we can mention training about History and Philosophy of Science in teaching and the formative practices proposed in initial training.