Modelagem econômica do mercado inteligente de eletricidade com concessionárias, consumidores e prossumidores

Abstract

The integration of distributed generation (DG) into the distribution network has been increasing intensely, especially the photovoltaic generation, due to the reduction of technology costs, economic incentive policies and the growing concern regarding the environment. Although the benefits of inserting renewable energy sources into the network are unquestionable, it is essencial to have an effective regulation that ensure the sustainability of the market formed by prosumers (consumers who own DG sys-tems), consumers and power distribution utility. The current tariff regulation (Net Me-tering) states that the surplus energy from the DG system must be compensated by the utility, leading to credits on the energy bill. The utility receive and distribute the energy into its network and the prosumer has up to 5 years to consume the energy credit during the same respective tariff period. As the number of prosumers in-creases, the utility’s revenue deacreses, resulting in a tariff raise by the regulatory agency in the next tariff review cycle, which acts to guarantee the utility’s economic and financial balance. The tariff raise encourage even more consumers to purchase DG systems, which again implies in a decrease of the utility’s revenue. This process is popularly referred to as “Reverse Robin Hood”, since it results in massive social impacts, and the most affected consumers are those who cannot afford to buy and install DG systems. This dissertation aims to start the representation of the smart market of the electric sector based on the Optimized Tariff Model (TAROT), with the objective of maximizing the socioeconomic welfare and ensuring the sustainability of the market, only attainable with more efficient regulation.