Resumo:
In last time research of to optimize water supply systems has long been found in the
literature, whether related to the design, operation, calibration or testing of networks. In
view of the growing population increase, based on the fact that water distribution systems
involve energy, in addition to the finite natural resource, optimizing the processes related
to the operation of the networks arises with the need to implement techniques that seek,
among other objectives, to minimize costs and losses, control pressure inside the pipes,
which has the purpose of guaranteeing water to the consumer in sufficient quantity and
quality. The present study was carried out using the StArt software, which helps in
structuring a systematic review, in order to gather relevant works from 1977 to 2020. The
collection of 87 articles started from a search that originated 637 results, being 335 from
the Web Of Science database, 152 works from the Scopus database, 100 results from the
Science Direct database, and 49 articles from Google Academic, 1 classic article was
manually added to the StArt system. The research followed a search methodology. This
result originated from the pre-establishment of search keywords and the application of
search filters. The funneling of the results began with the application of criteria for
inclusion and exclusion of articles, in order to select the one most targeted at the theme
of optimizing the operation of water supply networks. Subsequently, a quality analysis
was performed, where each article was scored based on 10 pre-established quality criteria.
Data related to the applied optimization method were extracted, number of objective
functions (single or multi-objective), number of restrictions used, number of decision
variables used, application or not of penalty function; type of system (pumping or
configuration of valves), type of network studied (real or theoretical) and hydraulic
simulator. The results indicate that among the evaluated articles, genetic algorithms
(simple, hybrid and multiobjective) are the most employed optimization method, and
most of these studies use 5 or more restrictions and decision variables. The application of
penalty and non-application functions were quite balanced between the jobs,
corresponding to 49% and 51% respectively. The type of system studied, the pumping
systems represent the vast majority, as well as the type of theoretical network and the
hydraulic simulator EPANET.
