Plano diretor municipal e plano de manejo de unidades de conservação: colaborações nos objetivos da política nacional de proteção e defesa civil

Abstract

Characterized by the breaking of the natural balance of the structure of a community, which sometimes can happen irreversibly, natural disasters have become increasingly present in urban daily life. Random misfortunes, their occurrence qualifies as socio-environmental problems in addition to the mission of public administration that contribute to many becoming risk generating spaces. In this sense, it is essential to integrate public risk management policies in the territorial planning of cities, in order to guarantee the quality of life of its inhabitants. In Brazil, there is the National Civil Defense and Protection Policy (PNPDEC - Federal Law No. 12,608) established in 2012 with the main objective of reducing disaster risks through prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recovery actions that interact with how territorial planning policies, urban development, health, environment, climate change, water resources management, geology, infrastructure, education, science and technology. With this, the present study has the general objective to analyze how the management instruments, Master Plan of the city of Petrópolis and Management Plan of the Environmental Protection Area (APA) Petrópolis, can collaborate with the objectives of the PNPDEC. The methodology was developed in 3 stages: I) Identification of occurrences of natural disasters in the city of Petrópolis; II) Adaptation of Bardin's Content Analysis of the Municipal Master Plan, related rules and the Management Plan and III) Adaptation of the SWOT Matrix to the Municipal Master Plan, related rules and to the Management Plan. Based on the disaster database of the National Center for Monitoring and Alerts for Natural Disasters (CEMADEN), between 2016 (January, November and December) and 2021, there were 197 natural disasters, mostly on land, that occurred mainly in the first district of the municipality. In addition, it was observed that the year 2018 stood out as the year with the highest occurrence of the complete years analyzed (2017-2021) the months of January and March are responsible for the highest occurrences. Image Analysis applied as basic definitions with content208 matches cited in no. 3 of the PNPDEC, with prevention (199) and recovery (56) measures being the most recurrent. The same analysis for the Management Plan, found once again with a focus on preventive actions (16). The DEC study, planned measures that despite the recommendation of sectoral policies as mentioned in the NP policy, highlighting the need to monitor the review of such.