Termelétrica a gás natural: análise jurídica do uso dos recursos naturais água e ar no entorno de ambiente urbano. Estudo de casos

Abstract

The Federal Government, in 2000, prepared the PPT - Priority Thermelectricity Plan – who set up the construction of thermelectric plants with natural gas throught Bolivia-Brazil duct gas. This research broach the production of electric energy by thermelectrics using natural gas inside the urban environment connecting with the environment question, legal features and the local population. The results of the comparative research between enterprises of energy production with natural gas show the air and water environment impacts results from the building of the thermelectric plants Carioba II, in the city Americana (SP) and Anhanguera, in the city Limeira (SP). Also a comparative study is made about mitigates and compensatory judges showed by enterprising and the suggested by environment departaments, environment public prosecutor and judicial experts. Through the result of these analyses is conclude that:: (i) legislaton omissions exists refering to natural resources; (ii) the environment license, many times, take long due to the lack of data, for example, the environmental zoning of basin, that could make it more agile; (iii) legal faults exists in the channel of the environment impact study; (iv) there is necessity of an effective environment control, and (v) the increase of energy demand is associate with the population increase.