Contribuições do estudo de episódios históricos para a formação inicial: uma análise de conhecimentos de professores de matemática

Abstract

Research about the contributions of the History of Mathematics in teacher training has been developed by several researchers at the national level over the last few years. In this sense, we ask ourselves: What are the contributions of the study of historical episodes of Mathematics to the formation of Mathematics teachers? In view of this, we sought to identify and analyze the knowledge of Mathematics teachers mobilized by Mathematics undergraduates in the study of historical episodes. For this purpose, data were collected in a study group with undergraduate students in Mathematics at a Federal University in the south of Minas Gerais, which was created with the aim of discussing historical episodes in mathematics. Five meetings were held, so that the first four took place through the online dating platform Google Meet and the last one in person. All meetings were recorded and later transcribed by the researcher. In these meetings, three episodes were discussed, namely: (i) the emergence of non-Euclidean geometry; (ii) the emergence of infinitesimal calculus; and (iii) the emergence of complex numbers. The transcripts were analyzed in order to identify evidence of teachers' knowledge evidenced in the participants' speeches and comments. The results of this investigation indicate that the study of historical episodes can contribute to the mobilization of diferente knowledge of teachers, such as the Content Knowledge domain and its subdomains: Knowledge of Mathematics (CdM) and Knowledge about Mathematics (CsM) and, also, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge domain (PCK) and its subdomains such as Common Content Knowledge (CCK), Content and Student Knowledge (KCS) and Content and Teaching Knowledge (KCT).