Resumo:
This work considers the importance of energy in various aspects of people's lives,
including comfort, job creation, wealth production, technological and scientific
development, and innovation. It is associated with the challenge of constantly
increasing energy supply and the urgency of sustainability throughout the processes
from production to consumption. In this context, the importance of the State in the
sector is highlighted, as it acts through regulatory agencies and even controlled
companies positioned in different segments, aiming to achieve a difficult and complex
dynamic balance across various aspects within each segment. At this point, the
discussed theme focuses on the role of the State in providing information about the
sector, enabling various agents and stakeholders to position themselves
appropriately, considering different approaches, including the State's own role in
developing public policy. In this regard, by discussing concepts and the relevance of
energy statistics, specifically energy balances as the main source of information and
essential data for the energy market's development, this study sought to better
understand the reasons and difficulties faced by Brazilian subnational governments
in publishing their respective Energy Balance Sheets (BEEs) annually. Additionally, it
proposed a model based on best practices referenced in the literature to facilitate this
process. To achieve this, the study aimed to understand historical and objective
reasons related to the diminishing role of federal units in the sector by examining
recent history, sectoral restructuring processes, the verification and understanding of
institutional spaces for energy management within the organizational structure of
these governments, and the mapping and analysis of their respective energy policies
and planning. This analysis aimed to establish a connection between these aspects
and the production of state energy balances. Based on an extensive literature review
on energy balance sheet preparation, a model was proposed. A case study related to
its application in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul was presented, which resulted in
the development of a system that automates part of the preparation process based
on the proposed model.
