Programas de resposta da demanda no setor elétrico brasileiro à luz de experiências internacionais

Abstract

In this study, the historical trajectory of the Brazilian Electric Sector (BES) will be explored, with an emphasis on the changes that have occurred and the challenges faced. Innovative solutions considered to promote a more sustainable energy future will be addressed. The analysis of international experiences will seek to identify applicable strategies in the Brazilian context, aiming to strengthen the resilience and efficiency of the BES. Understanding the complexities of the sector and innovative approaches adopted in other parts of the world will enable contributions to the formulation of policies and practices that drive sustainability and the continuous development of the Brazilian Electric Sector. The paper examines the evolution of the BES over the last decades, highlighting the transition from hydroelectric power plants to other renewable sources and the challenges faced, such as the 2001 Energy Crisis. It also explores international experiences, addressing models from the United States, Canada, and Australia, with a focus on Demand Response Programs as strategic tools. The role of the Operador do Sistema Elétrico Nacional (ONS) and the actions of the Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL) in Brazil are analyzed, with a focus on Demand Response Programs. Finally, the paper concludes, by inference, on how Brazil can learn from these experiences to strengthen its Electric Sector.