Proposição de índice multidimensional de saneamento básico municipal (IMSB-M) em suporte à gestão de recursos hídricos

Abstract

The present study addresses the creation of a Multidimensional Municipal Basic Sanitation Index (IMSB-M) for water resources management. The research uses a methodology that integrates indicators formed by the four essential axes of basic sanitation (Water Supply, Sewage, Solid Waste and Urban Drainage), added to the Institutional Management axis. During the development of the research, qualitative and quantitative analyzes were addressed, through the creation of a matrix of indicators and the calculation proposition of the IMSB-M. The index was applied to the Rio Doce Hydrographic Basin, classifying the municipalities into five bands (Very Bad, Bad, Average, Good and Excellent), pointing out weaknesses in the basin, especially in relation to the sewage, solid waste and urban drainage axes. In total, 211 municipalities were ranked, distributed across nine tributary river basins (CH DO1 – Rio Piranga, CH DO2 – Rio Piracicaba, CH DO3 – Rio Santo Antônio, CH DO4 – Rio Suaçuí, CH DO5 – Rio Caratinga, CH DO6 – Rio Manhuaçu, UA7 – Guandu, Santa Joana and Santa Maria do Rio Doce Rivers, UA8 – Rio Pontões and Lagoas do Rio Doce and UA9 – Barra Seca and Foz do Rio Doce), of which the IMSB-M varied from 0.826, for the municipality of Aimorés and 0.125, for the municipality of Cantagalo. In total, 65% of the municipalities had indices below 0.700, with the left margin of the basin, formed by CH DO3 and CH DO4, presenting the largest number of municipalities with IMSB-M classified as bad and very bad. The results demonstrate the viability of the index to identify areas that require greater intervention, contributing to the universalization of basic sanitation services in the country.