Validação da modelagem de carga dos sistemas elétricos com foco no fenômeno de FIDVR através da aplicação de simulação dinâmica híbrida

Abstract

The planning, stability and safety of modern Electric Power Systems (EPS) critically depend on the accuracy of dynamic simulations, which require a faithful representation of their components. However, the increasing complexity of modern load, heavily featuring motors and electronic devices, has rendered simplified static load models (such as the ZIP model) insufficient to capture the essential intrinsic dynamics, thus compromising the robustness of analyses. This limitation is particularly evident in the inability to adequately represent Fault-Induced Delayed Voltage Recovery (FIDVR), a critical phenomenon in areas with high induction motor concentration. Following a fault, FIDVR causes a sustained voltage sag and slow recovery, driven by motor stall, which dangerously increases current demand and poses a severe threat to voltage stability. While dynamic model parameterization is traditionally costly, the advent of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) provides an opportunity to use high-resolution synchrophasor data captured during natural system disturbances. The main objective of this work is, therefore, to demonstrate and evaluate Hybrid Dynamic Simulation as an effective tool for the parameterization and validation of dynamic load models in PES, focusing on the analysis of voltage instability phenomena like FIDVR. Specific objectives include the implementation of this methodology, which synergistically combines PMU data with detailed computational models, and its application in a critical region of the Brazilian National Interconnected System (SIN). The research compares the results against static (ZIP) models, confirming the relevance of dynamic models and proposing a more efficient and precise path toward enhancing the safety and operation of power systems.