Resumo:
The increasing participation of solar photovoltaic and wind generation in the global and national energy matrix has presented significant challenges for the operation and planning of electrical systems. The intermittent and variable nature of these energy sources necessitates greater flexibility within electrical systems to ensure the stability and reliability of energy supply. In this context, analyzing the flexibility requirements to accommodate the output ramps of intermittent generation becomes essential. Furthermore, capacity reserve auctions emerge as a crucial mechanism to ensure the availability of flexible resources that can respond swiftly to fluctuations in generation. These auctions play a fundamental role in maintaining the balance between supply and demand, thereby promoting energy security and economic efficiency. Consequently, this dissertation aims to deepen the understanding of the strategies and mechanisms that can be implemented to address the challenges posed by the integration of solar photovoltaic and wind energy. The research will contribute to the development of policies and practices that foster the sustainability and resilience of electrical systems, aligning with the objectives of energy transition and climate change mitigation, demonstrating in its results the dichotomy of risk experienced today in the operation of the National Interconnected System, and the growing need for capacity and flexibility attributes, contracted through capacity reserve auctions.
