Resumo:
Hydraulic flow has a wide range of technical applications in engineering in areas involving
sanitation, urban drainage, irrigation, hydroelectric, navigation and environmental preservation.
In this way, runoff on a free surface can be considered a destructive factor in nature and can
damage structures and take human lives. The objective of this work is study the behavior of the
flow in a real rectangular channel by means of computational simulations in computational fluid
dynamics to determine the type of flow through the Froude number and to analyze the hydraulic
behavior for three spillways with different geometry: bottom, rectangular and triangular with
different flow values. For this purpose, a Fortran programming language was used to carry out
preliminary simulations with the prediction of the channel behavior which, through
calculations, can define the type of spillway geometry. On the other hand, computational fluid
dynamics software was used, which allows analyzing the hydraulic behavior of the channel in
addition to allowing the colors maps construction of each spillway inserted in the channel. The
present study indicates that the computational model is able to reproduce flows on a free surface
taking precautions regarding the quality of the mesh that guarantees the convergence of the
computational solution. The analyzes allowed the calculation of the Froude number to be
carried out upstream of the spillway, on top of the spillway and downstream of the spillway,
allowing to understand the hydraulic behavior for each situation under study.
