Resumo:
National Parks are Conservation Units (CUs) that have around them the
delimitation of an area in order to contain the negative impacts to the core
area, called buffer zones. These surrounding areas are subject to specific
rules and restrictions, according to the National System of Conservation Units
(SNUC), and it is in the CU Management Plan that the guidelines to be
followed for the conservation processes to take place are found. Land use and
management in the buffer zone needs to be defined in order to meet CUs
objectives. In the Management Plan for the Itatiaia National Park (PNI) there is
no standard, guideline or restriction that addresses alternative forms of soil
management, such as agroecological systems. A special case occurs in the
city of Itamonte/MG, where 80% of its territory is within CUs, including the PNI
and its buffer zone which is within the limits of other UCs and requires
preferential land use policies agroecological based systems. Thus, the general
objective of this work is to analyze the contribution of agroecological
production systems in achieving the objectives of the Itatiaia National Park in
terms of its buffer zone. To this end, geoprocessing techniques were applied to
map the area of the buffer zone and core area of the park where they have
agroecological production systems, and questionnaires to understand the
perception of farmers about the existence of the park, the buffer zone and
agroecological systems of production that develop on their properties. The
data were finally analyzed using the SWOT Matrix. As a result, the importance
of agroecological production systems in minimizing the negative impacts on
the limits of the PA, the connectivity of the systems with the forests adjacent to
the park's forests and the socioeconomic purpose that the systems enable is
highlighted. It is concluded that it is essential to establish collective actions,
integrating the Serra da Mantiqueira Mosaic and the surrounding community,
in order to diagnose, plan and implement sustainable agroecological systems
in the buffer zone.
