Análise do impacto regulatório quanto à aplicação da parcela variável no serviço público de transmissão de energia elétrica

Abstract

The expansion of the transmission segment and the quality of the public electric energy service rendering of the Brazilian Electric System (SEB) have a fundamental role in the development and sustainability of the energy market. Such service is performed by the transmission concessionaires through the establishment of an Annual Allowable Revenue (RAP) that is directly linked to the full availability of its transmission assets for operation and coordination of the National Electric System Operator - ONS, as established in the Contracts for the Provision of Public Transmission Service (CPST). The first regulatory intervention in the transmission segment occurred through the publication of Normative Resolution 270/2007, which established the provisions for the quality of the public electric power transmission service, associated with the availability of the installations that are part of the Basic Grid. With the growing commercial operation of transmission assets in the National Interconnected System (SIN), since this branch has become attractive to national and international companies in the energy sector, it generated in 2016, through Normative Resolution no. 729/2016, changes in the regulation that deals with the calculation of unavailability of transmission equipment; this resolution would be rectified through Normative Resolution no. 782 of 2017 with the purpose of adjusting some rules and concepts. Due to the number of resolutions in force that govern the theme of electric energy transmission in Brazil, Normative Resolution no. 906 of 2020 was published, consolidating all the regulatory norms in a single document. The Variable Portion consists of an economic incentive for the maintenance of full availability of the transmission facilities. Its application is not characterized as a penalty for non-compliance with regulations, but as a regulatory incentive mechanism for the reduction of delay times for start-up, unavailability or operating restrictions. Thus, the application of the Variable Part does not depend on the assessment of fault or malice, and its calculation is directly related to the time of unavailability or operational restriction of the Transmission Function. vii Therefore, this work will address a history of the transmission segment, the calculation process of the unavailabilities performed monthly by ONS and, through indicators and statistical surveys of the disturbances and disconnections of the Basic Grid that occurred between the years 2013 and 2020, assess the performance of the Transmission Functions that have been in commercial operation since 2013 from a financial perspective, the impact of the Variable Installment for Unavailability on the revenues of the transmitters. Thus, the data and causes related to the occurrences in the Basic Grid, the average quantity of disconnections and the values accounted and discounted from the transmitters were analyzed, considering the economic incentive brought by the regulation, as well as the impacts of the evolution of this regulation on the availability of the Transmission Functions.