Resumo:
One of the posible explanations for the accelerated expansion of the universe is the existence
of dark energy. Different mathematical models have been proposed for it, among those
models the simplest one is that which uses scalar fields with different effective potentials.
A possible model is the phantom scalar field which has an equation of state with negative
pressure. Therefore, understanding how the gravitational evolution of that field is dictated
is something of interest for Cosmology and Astrophysics. In this work, we analysed the
collapse of both the conventional scalar field and the phantom scalar field. The time
evolution of the fields was carried out whith the SFcollapse1D code, in which it is possible
to evaluate black hole formation or dispersion of such fields. The critical value η∗ for
black hole formation from conventional scalar fields was obtained as in the literature,
nevertheless in the case of phantom scalar field only dispertion was obtained. This behavior
seems to agree with the fact that the phantom scalar field has an expansive characteristic.