Resumo:
The electricity network is subject to disturbances due to causes such as lightning, falling trees,
maneuvers in the network and other external factors that can disrupt the system's operation,
however, depending on the type of disturbance, the consumer may be affected with damage to
electrical equipment in your home. With this, the consumer has the right, when there is a causal
link, between the cause and the damage, to be reimbursed by the energy concessionaire. In order
to provide guidance on the procedures adopted in case of claims for compensation for damages
and also to guarantee the rights of the consumer, the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL)
approved in 2012 Module 9 - Compensation for electrical damages in the Electric Energy
Distribution Procedures National (PRODIST), and thus, amended Resolution No. 414/2010 of
the General Conditions for the Supply of Electric Energy. Thus, this work verifies the process
of proving the causal link, seeking improvements for it and thus contributing to improve the
process for both distributors and consumers. For this, requests for reimbursement from three
distributors were analyzed, for the period of four years (2016-2019), checking the number of
valid, unfounded, amounts paid for equipment, main equipment reimbursed, the transformers
referring to the highest number of requests. Regarding network events, the main causes of
events that prove the existence of the causal link were verified and two scenarios were created,
one in relation to timeliness and the other taking into account the use of the surge protection
device (SPD) in homes . The results showed a decrease in the number of requests for
compensation for damages, but the number of requests considered valid did not vary much, in
relation to the equipment, it was found that the television was the one that was compensated the
most by the companies. Tests carried out in the test laboratory of the University of São Paulo
proved that the use of DPS prevented the occurrence of electrical damage in the tested
equipment, proving its effectiveness in protecting the equipment. Regarding the scenarios, the
results of scenario 1 show that consumers are requesting compensation within an average period
of 45 days after the alleged occurrence of the damage, in the second scenario the impact of
using the DPS on events related to lightning was analyzed, the results showed an average
reduction of 11% in orders, reducing expenses with reimbursement payment by R$165,329.46
for Distributor A, R$524,520.87 for Distributor B and R$122,205.40 for Distributor C. cost if
the installation of the DPS were assigned to the distributor. The work has shown the importance
of research on the compensation for electrical damages because it is something that is directly
linked to the customer, that the analysis of the causal relationship must be efficient and that
changes can be made both by distributors and consumers, to reduce the occurrence of damages.